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Thailand
Location
Thailand is situated in
the heart of the Southeast Asian mainland, covering
an area of 513,115 sq kms and extends about 1,620
kilometers from north to south and 775 kilometers
from east to west.
Thailand borders the Lao
People's Democratic Republic and the Union of
Myanmar to the North, the Kingdom of Cambodia
and the Gulf of Thailand to the East, the Union
of Myanmar and the Indian Ocean to the West, and
Malaysia to the south.
Capital City : Bangkok
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Language
The national and official language
is Thai, while English is widely spoken and understood
in major cities particularly in Bangkok and in business
circles. |
Basic Economic Data
Since the onset of the financial
crisis in 1997, Thailand has undergone a remarkable
economic transformation. One of the instrumental policies
that propelled a swift economic recovery for Thailand
is the Dual Track Policy of Dr. Thaksin Shinawatra,
the Prime Minister of Thailand which focuses on the
duality of the exports and domestic sectors to bring
economic growth with stability, through the actively
supporting role of the public sector in a global context
but not necessarily dependent on the traditional economic
powers of the world.
Thailand’s economic growth trend has improved from -10.2
percent in 1998 to 6.3 percent in 2003. In addition
exports, private consumption and private investment
have all displayed encouraging signs. Despite global
uncertainties such as U.S.-Iraq war, terrorism, and
SARS, Thailand has been able to withstand competently
the knock-on effects from those events owing much to
the robust economic fundamentals embedded within the
root of the Thai economy.
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Basic Finance Data
The main institutions with responsibility
for policymaking and supervision of the financial system
are the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Thailand
(BOT, the central bank). The BOT also supervises banks,
finance firms and housing loan officials, and plays
a key role in instituting market reforms.
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Stock Market :
The Stock Exchange of Thailand
(SET) under the Securities Exchange of Thailand Act,
BE 2517 (1974), or the SET Act, enacted on May 20,
1974. In 2003, the Thai stock market index ranged
from 350.98 to 772.15. These figures undoubtedly displayed
signs of marked improvement from the beginning part
of 2003. Market value has continued to increase to
4,789,857.03 Million baht at the end of 2003.
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Bond Market :
Thai BDC, the applicant must
be financial institutions holding debt securities
trading license granted by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC). Currently (as of January 15, 2003)
Thai BDC has 46 members which represent nearly 100
% of financial institutions that have debt trading
license (Dealers). Trading is conducted on an over-the-counter
basis. Thai BDC registers all government debt securities
automatically. For corporate bonds, dealer-members
together with an issuer must propose for the registration.
Although listing is not compulsory, in practice most
bonds are registered with Thai BDC except for the
bonds issued without purpose to trade such as bonds
issued for debtor.
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Money Market : Currency
Until the baht went into freefall in July 1997, the
Thai currency was regarded as a strong and stable
currency. The baht has been strengthening against
the US dollar since the beginning of 2002. A peak
of less than 41 THB/USD was reached in July 2002.
Strong portfolio inflows, speculative interest rate
arbitrage trading and rising confidence in the domestic
economy also contributed to the strengthening baht.
The BOT, which is targeting exchange-rate stability
and the level of foreign reserve, has expressed concern
about the loss of export competitiveness signaled
by a stronger baht, and there has been some buying
of US dollars to prevent further baht appreciation.
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